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Behaviorism posits that learning occurs through observable behaviors and external stimuli. It focuses on conditioning and reinforcement to explain how knowledge is acquired.
Cognitivism emphasizes the role of mental processes in learning. It explores how learners construct knowledge through internal mental activities such as perception, attention, and memory.
Constructivism suggests that learners actively construct their own knowledge through experiences and interactions. It highlights the importance of learner-centered approaches in education.
Social constructivism extends constructivism by emphasizing the role of social interactions and cultural contexts in shaping knowledge. It recognizes that learning is a collaborative process influenced by social dynamics.